试论科学发展观对林业发展的重大意义

党中央提出的科学发展观对林业发展有着极为重要的意义。文章从重视人的主体性、森林经营利用多元化、森林经营管理开放性和森林永续利用等四个方面,分别阐述了以人为本,全面、协调、可持续发展对林业的指导意义。     

Postharvest water relations in cut rose cultivars with contrasting sensitivity to high relative air humidity during growth

A constant high relative air humidity (RH) during cultivation can strongly reduce the vase life in some cut rose cultivars. We studied three contrasting cultivars in their tolerance to high RH in order to analyse in detail the water relations during postharvest and better understand this genotypic variation. Plants were grown at moderate (60%) and high (95%) RH, and cut flowers were placed in water immediately after cutting. Flowers of cv. Pink Prophyta grown at high RH did not open throughout vase life, while flower opening of cvs. Frisco and Dream was not affected by preharvest RH. Cultivation at high RH resulted in about 80% shorter vase life in Pink Prophyta, whereas in Dream and Frisco the negative effect was considerably smaller (15 and 9% shorter vase life, respectively). The shorter vase life and reduced flower opening of cut roses grown at high RH was due to a higher rate of transpiration both in the light and dark periods. It was found that the leaves of Pink Prophyta grown at high RH could partly close their stomata upon lowering of the water potential or when flower stalks were fed with abscisic acid, but stomata remained far more open than in leaves grown at moderate RH. The RH during cultivation did not affect stem hydraulic conductivity and its recovery after air emboli induction. Preventing vascular occlusion largely alleviated the high-cultivation-RH effect on vase life and flower opening, showing that the effect of high-cultivation-RH becomes only important if water uptake is limited.     

牛阴道开膣器输精技术

在多年的实践经验的基础上,重点介绍了以牛阴道开膣器输精的技术要点,主要为选定最佳的输精时间、严格技术操作规范、做好母牛早期妊娠诊断工作等。     

木材渗透性可控制原理研究

本文研究了木材渗透性可控制机制,探寻了渗透性可控制原理。结果表明,影响渗透性高低的最主要因素为纹孔膜微孔半径和数量,微孔大而多者,渗透性高;微孔愈小,微孔里气-液界面上毛细管张力愈高,对液体流动的影响愈大,浸注愈难,欲使浸注液深注入木材,必须施一与此微孔半径相应足以克服此张力的压力。若欲改善低渗透树种木材的难浸注性,似应从纹孔入手,用化学的、物理的和生物的等方法增大和增多有效纹孔膜微孔半径和数量,以减小毛细管张力,降低使用压力,增大流量率,提高渗透性。     

玉米秸秆铺放装置开仓机构的一设计

目前,玉米秸秆的整株收获还是一个世界性技术难题,现有的几种秸秆收获装备存在结构复杂、体积大、耗能高和可靠性差等问题.针对这一种状况,设计了一种适宜于玉米联合收获机安装的秸秆铺放装置开仓机构,介绍了其工作原理和参数计算选择.该机构由间歇运动机构、行程放大机构以及仓门打开机构组成,能够将割台下收集的秸秆铺放至地面.其参数选择兼顾农机和农艺的要求,整个机构具有结构简单、体积小、可靠性高等特点,符合目前玉米秸秆整株收获及玉米联合收获机的装配需要,是一种秸秆整株收获的可行设备.     

CYTOGENETIC INVESTIGATION OF THE HYBRID BETWEEN AEGILOPS TAUSCHH AMD PSATHYROSTACHYS HUASHANICA

<正> An intergeneric hybrid between Aegilops tauschti Cosson. an annual diploid grass. and Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng, a perenmal diploid grass. The F_1 hybrid plant had chromosome number of 2n=2x=14. and was annual and morphologically intermediate between two parents. Meiotic analysis showed that this F_1 hybrid had an average of 12.20 univalants, 0.12 rod bivalents ad 0.004 quadrivalents at MI of the pollen-mother-cells. Multipolar division, irregular ctyokinesis. conjungation opening and coenocyte were observed in this hybrid. These results suggested that the D genome in the Ae. tauschii was distantly related to the N genome in the P huashanica.     

汽油发动机进排气凸轮匹配对性能影响分析及试验研究

以小排量汽油机作为性能提升开发分析及试验研究对象,主要从小排量汽油发动机的进、排配气机构方面进行方案的研究与讨论并提出了优化方案试验结果表明,在满足发动机裸机排放标准的前提下,该方案既能使发动机性能得到大幅提升,又能使怠速稳定性得到良好改善。     

关于森林经理学的正名,定位与开拓

森林经理学二字的释义,不一定视为经营与管理二词的缩写,而应是度量与筹划,森林经理学是森林资源度量与筹划的技术科学。     

人工鱼礁开口比和迎流面形状对流场效应影响的双因素方差分析

采用基于计算流体动力学模型的方法对人工鱼礁流场效应进行数值模拟,选取单体人工鱼礁模拟近岸海域的鱼礁流场,对其附近流场进行三维数值模拟,在此基础上应用双因素方差分析法分析了人工鱼礁开口比和迎流面形状对流场效应的影响。结果表明：人工鱼礁开口比是鱼礁流场效应的主要影响因素,开口比越小,水流受鱼礁阻隔程度越大,礁前上升流流速越大,背涡流紊流区域越明显,背涡流区域就越长;鱼礁迎流面形状对流场效应的影响次之。     

稻文化的再思考(5):稻与粮政——改革开放后

在前文介绍我国古代到改革开放前的稻与粮政的基础上,本文概要介绍和分析了我国改革开放以后稻与粮政的关系。改革开放后,国家对粮食管理经历了计划和逐步放开管理到粮食市场化和宏观调控的转变,具体可分为三个时期:1979年开始的粮食统购统销的改变和1982-1986年5个"一号文件"带来粮食生产的快速发展时期;1994年工业化发展农业滑坡后国家的再次重视和控制时期;2004年开始的粮食宏观调控和放开市场及补贴发展时期。